ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

---

• Meteorite hunters: How to hunt a space rock
• Mars rover Curiosity preparing for second scoop
• NASA signs agreement to develop nasal spray for motion sickness
• The science of breaking up via space station re-entry investigation
• NASA'S Operation Icebridge resumes flights over Antarctica
• Spotting a trend in the genes: Three genes that cause cancer and disease in humans also 'paint' spots on butts of fruit flies
• X-ray satellites monitor the clashing winds of a colossal binary
• NASA's Ironman-like exoskeleton could give astronauts, paraplegics improved mobility and strength
• Blood cells may offer telltale clues in cancer diagnosis
• Research manuscript submissions: Initial rejection may lead to higher impact, study shows
• miRNA tackles insulin-blocking protein
• Molecular basis of infection of tick-transmitted disease uncovered
• Scientists uncover diversion of Gulf Stream path in late 2011; Warmer waters flowed to shelfbreak south of New England
• 'Invisibility' could be a key to better electronics: Visual 'cloaking' technology enables more efficient transfer of electrons
• Neural-like stem cells from muscle tissue may hold key to cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases
• Kidney grafts function longer in Europe than in the United States
• The worst noises in the world: Why we recoil at unpleasant sounds
• Body's own recycling system: Researchers discover 'molecular emergency brake' in charge of regulating self-digestion
• Cells control energy metabolism via hedgehog signalling pathway
• X-raying stellar winds in a high-speed collision
• Prostate cancer: Curcumin curbs metastases, study shows
• Documented decrease in frequency of Hawaii's northeast trade winds
• New gene test flags risk of serious complications in sarcoidosis
• Tying our fate to molecular markings
• Fly genomes show natural selection and return to Africa
• Transplantation of embryonic neurons raises hope for treating brain diseases
• Shape matters in DNA nanoparticle therapy
• Quantum oscillator responds to pressure
• When galaxies eat galaxies: Gravity lenses suggest big collisions make galaxies denser
• Shape matters in DNA nanoparticle therapy: Particles could become a safer, more effective delivery vehicle for gene therapy
• Scientists identify trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions
• Old adage 'sleep on it' is true -- but only if it's a really difficult problem, study shows
• Seaweed: An alternative protein source
• What do cyclists need to see to avoid single-bicycle crashes?
• Reason discovered for the toxicity of indoor mould
• Simple quiz, already used in elderly, could determine death risk for kidney dialysis patients of all ages
• Exposure to traffic air pollution in infancy impairs lung function in children
• Expectant parents have different stress reactions to relationship conflict

Meteorite hunters: How to hunt a space rock Posted: 12 Oct 2012 12:30 PM PDT A team of scientists from JPL needed some space. When a large fireball turned night into day over Battle Mountain, Nev. they knew they had their chance.

Mars rover Curiosity preparing for second scoop Posted: 12 Oct 2012 12:26 PM PDT On Sol 65 (Oct. 11, 2012) of the Mars Science Laboratory mission, NASA's Mars rover Curiosity completed several activities in preparation for collecting its second scoop of soil. Like the first scoop, the next will come from a ripple of sand and dust at "Rocknest," and will be used for cleaning interior surfaces of the sample-handling chambers on the arm.

NASA signs agreement to develop nasal spray for motion sickness Posted: 12 Oct 2012 12:25 PM PDT NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston and Epiomed Therapeutics Inc. of Irvine, Calif., have signed an agreement to develop and commercialize a NASA-crafted, fast-acting nasal spray to fight motion sickness. Under the Space Act Agreement, Epiomed will formulate the drug, called intranasal scopolamine, or INSCOP. Astronauts often experience motion sickness in space. As a result, NASA has conducted extensive research into the causes and treatments for the condition.

The science of breaking up via space station re-entry investigation Posted: 12 Oct 2012 12:23 PM PDT When an aerospace engineer says breaking up is hard to do, they are not referring to matters of the heart. Instead, they are looking at best practices for the breakup of large items returning from space to Earth. Understanding what happens during this process is the goal of the ReEntry Breakup Recorder, or REBR. This device hitched a ride on the European Space Agency's Automated Transfer Vehicle-3, or ATV-3, as it departed the International Space Station and re-entered Earth's atmosphere on Oct 2, 2012.

NASA'S Operation Icebridge resumes flights over Antarctica Posted: 12 Oct 2012 12:20 PM PDT Scientists and flight crew members with Operation IceBridge, NASA's airborne mission to study Earth's changing polar ice, are beginning another campaign over Antarctica. Now in its fourth year, IceBridge's return to the Antarctic comes almost a year after the discovery of a large rift in the continent's Pine Island Glacier.

Spotting a trend in the genes: Three genes that cause cancer and disease in humans also 'paint' spots on butts of fruit flies Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:37 AM PDT Spots on the butts of fruit flies are really, really small. But what a researcher and his graduate student are discovering about them could be gigantic. Researchers have discovered that three genes that cause cancer and disease in humans also "paint" the spots on the fly's body. This discovery could enable researchers to study how those genes work in fruit flies and apply that knowledge to treating cancer in people.

X-ray satellites monitor the clashing winds of a colossal binary Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:26 AM PDT The hottest and most massive stars don't live long enough to disperse throughout the galaxy. Instead, they can be found near the clouds of gas and dust where they formed -- and where they will explode as supernovae after a few million years. They huddle in tight clusters with other young stars or in looser groupings called OB associations, a name reflecting their impressive populations of rare O- and B-type stars.

NASA's Ironman-like exoskeleton could give astronauts, paraplegics improved mobility and strength Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:19 AM PDT Marvel Comic's fictional superhero, Ironman, uses a powered armor suit that allows him superhuman strength. While NASA's X1 robotic exoskeleton can't do what you see in the movies, the latest robotic, space technology, spinoff derived from NASA's Robonaut 2 project may someday help astronauts stay healthier in space with the added benefit of assisting paraplegics in walking here on Earth.

Blood cells may offer telltale clues in cancer diagnosis Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:18 AM PDT Researchers are probing the potential use of blood cell variation as a diagnostic, predictive, and research tool in cancer biology.

Research manuscript submissions: Initial rejection may lead to higher impact, study shows Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:18 AM PDT A large-scale survey of the process for submitting research papers to scientific journals has revealed a surprising pattern: manuscripts that were turned down by one journal and published in another received significantly more citations than those that were published by the first journal to receive them.

miRNA tackles insulin-blocking protein Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:16 AM PDT Research is yielding new insights into how a tiny snippet of genetic material can promote healthy insulin production in mice.

Molecular basis of infection of tick-transmitted disease uncovered Posted: 12 Oct 2012 11:15 AM PDT Researchers have identified the "keys" and "doors" of a bacterium responsible for a series of tick-transmitted diseases. These findings may point researchers toward the development of a single vaccine that protects against members of an entire family of bacteria that cause disease in humans, domestic animals and livestock.

Scientists uncover diversion of Gulf Stream path in late 2011; Warmer waters flowed to shelfbreak south of New England Posted: 12 Oct 2012 09:26 AM PDT The Gulf Stream made an unusual move well north of its normal path in late October and early November 2011, causing warmer-than-usual ocean temperatures along the New England continental shelf, according to physical oceanographers.

'Invisibility' could be a key to better electronics: Visual 'cloaking' technology enables more efficient transfer of electrons Posted: 12 Oct 2012 09:26 AM PDT A new approach that allows objects to become "invisible" has now been applied to an entirely different area: letting particles "hide" from passing electrons, which could lead to more efficient thermoelectric devices and new kinds of electronics.

Neural-like stem cells from muscle tissue may hold key to cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases Posted: 12 Oct 2012 09:21 AM PDT Scientists have taken the first steps to create neural-like stem cells from muscle tissue in animals.

Kidney grafts function longer in Europe than in the United States Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:24 AM PDT Kidney transplants performed in Europe are considerably more successful in the long run than those performed in the United States. Researchers have described the large discrepancy for the first time, after systematically comparing data from the world's most comprehensive study on transplant results.

The worst noises in the world: Why we recoil at unpleasant sounds Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:24 AM PDT Heightened activity between the emotional and auditory parts of the brain explains why the sound of chalk on a blackboard or a knife on a bottle is so unpleasant.

Body's own recycling system: Researchers discover 'molecular emergency brake' in charge of regulating self-digestion Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:24 AM PDT Times of distress literally eat away at the core of starving cells: They start to digest their own parts and recycle them for metabolic purposes. Researchers have discovered that a "molecular brake" is in charge of regulating autophagy to keep it from getting out of control.

Cells control energy metabolism via hedgehog signalling pathway Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:21 AM PDT Cancer, diabetes, and excess body weight have one thing in common: they alter cellular metabolism. Scientists have resolved a new molecular circuit controlling cellular metabolism. The previously unknown signalling pathway, acting downstream of the hedgehog protein enables muscle cells and brown fat cells to absorb sugars without relying on insulin. Substances that selectively activate the signalling pathway could thus be utilized in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. With their results, the researchers are also able to explain why various new anti-cancer agents have induced mysterious pronounced side effects in the clinics.

X-raying stellar winds in a high-speed collision Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:21 AM PDT Two massive stars racing in orbit around each other have had their colliding stellar winds X-rayed for the first time, thanks to the combined efforts of the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton and NASA's Swift space telescopes.

Prostate cancer: Curcumin curbs metastases, study shows Posted: 12 Oct 2012 08:21 AM PDT Powdered turmeric has been used for centuries to treat osteoarthritis and other illnesses. Its active ingredient, curcumin, inhibits inflammatory reactions. A new study now shows that it can also inhibit formation of metastases.

Documented decrease in frequency of Hawaii's northeast trade winds Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:26 AM PDT Scientists have observed a decrease in the frequency of northeast trade winds and an increase in eastern trade winds over the past nearly four decades, according to a recent study.

New gene test flags risk of serious complications in sarcoidosis Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:26 AM PDT Researchers have identified a genetic signature that distinguishes patients with complicated sarcoidosis, an inflammatory lung disease that can be fatal, from patients with a more benign form of the disease.

Tying our fate to molecular markings Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:26 AM PDT A physicist has helped discover that understanding how a chemical mark on our DNA affects gene expression could be as useful to scientists as fingerprints are to police at a crime scene. In a new study, researchers show that variable methylation is predictive of age, gender, stress, cancer and early-life socioeconomic status within a population.

Fly genomes show natural selection and return to Africa Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:26 AM PDT New studies of the genomes of almost 200 strains of Drosophila flies show natural selection and a "return to Africa" of the tiny flies, which likely migrated with ancestral humans tens of thousands of years ago.

Transplantation of embryonic neurons raises hope for treating brain diseases Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:21 AM PDT The unexpected survival of embryonic neurons transplanted into the brains of newborn mice in a series of experiments raises hope for the possibility of using neuronal transplantation to treat diseases like Alzheimer's, epilepsy, Huntington's, Parkinson's and schizophrenia.

Shape matters in DNA nanoparticle therapy Posted: 12 Oct 2012 07:21 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how to control the shape of nanoparticles that move DNA through the body and have shown that the shapes of these carriers may make a big difference in how well they work in treating cancer and other diseases.

Quantum oscillator responds to pressure Posted: 12 Oct 2012 05:34 AM PDT In the future, superconducting quantum bits might serve as components of high-performance computers. Today, superconducting quantum bits are already helping scientists better understand the structure of solids, researchers report.

When galaxies eat galaxies: Gravity lenses suggest big collisions make galaxies denser Posted: 12 Oct 2012 05:21 AM PDT Using gravitational "lenses" in space, astronomers have discovered that the centers of the biggest galaxies are growing denser -- evidence of repeated collisions and mergers by massive galaxies with 100 billion stars.

Shape matters in DNA nanoparticle therapy: Particles could become a safer, more effective delivery vehicle for gene therapy Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:48 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how to control the shape of nanoparticles that move DNA through the body and have shown that the shapes of these carriers may make a big difference in how well they work in treating cancer and other diseases. This study is also noteworthy because this gene therapy technique does not use a virus to carry DNA into cells.

Scientists identify trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:47 AM PDT Scientists have identified a repeating trigger for the largest explosive volcanic eruptions on Earth. The Las Cañadas volcanic caldera on Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, has generated at least eight major eruptions during the last 700,000 years. These catastrophic events have resulted in eruption columns of over 25km high and expelled widespread pyroclastic material over 130km. By comparison, even the smallest of these eruptions expelled over 25 times more material than the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland.

Old adage 'sleep on it' is true -- but only if it's a really difficult problem, study shows Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:47 AM PDT A new study has found that sleeping on a problem really can help people to find a solution. The study tested whether sleep or time spent awake worked best in helping people find the solutions to a range of problem solving tasks.

Seaweed: An alternative protein source Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:46 AM PDT Researchers are looking to seaweed for proteins with health benefits for use as functional foods. Historically, edible seaweeds were consumed by coastal communities across the world and today seaweed is a habitual diet in many countries, particularly in Asia. Indeed, whole seaweeds have been successfully added to foods in recent times, ranging from sausages and cheese to pizza bases and frozen-meat products.

What do cyclists need to see to avoid single-bicycle crashes? Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:46 AM PDT Crashes are an unfortunate fact of life for many traveling on roads and bicycle paths, but how and why they happen is not always well understood. New research shows that in crashes where a single cyclist collided with a bollard, narrowed road or other obstacle, or rode off the road altogether, poor visibility and especially poor visual contrast played a significant part.

Reason discovered for the toxicity of indoor mould Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:46 AM PDT A team of researchers from Finland has discovered how indoor mold makes people sick. The only remedy is to heal the living environment, they say.

Simple quiz, already used in elderly, could determine death risk for kidney dialysis patients of all ages Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:43 AM PDT A simple six-question quiz, typically used to assess disabilities in the elderly, could help doctors determine which kidney dialysis patients of any age are at the greatest risk of death, new research suggests.

Exposure to traffic air pollution in infancy impairs lung function in children Posted: 12 Oct 2012 04:43 AM PDT Exposure to ambient air pollution from traffic during infancy is associated with lung function deficits in children up to eight years of age, particularly among children sensitized to common allergens, according to a new study.

Expectant parents have different stress reactions to relationship conflict Posted: 11 Oct 2012 04:52 PM PDT A new study on the physiological effects of stress has found that expectant parents respond differently to arguments depending on the presence of ongoing individual or relationship difficulties such as anxiety or chronic relationship conflict.

You are subscribed to email updates from ScienceDaily: Latest Science News To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

---

• Mars rock touched by NASA Curiosity has surprises
• One CVD death in China every 10 seconds
• Nurture trumps nature in study of oral bacteria in human twins, study finds
• Single gene variant in donors may affect survival of transplanted kidneys
• Safety results of intra-arterial stem cell clinical trial for stroke presented
• New studies could result in better treatments for epilepsy, behavioral disorders
• Enzyme triggers cell death in heart attack
• Animals' microbial communities linked to their behavior
• Anti-cancer drug fights immune reaction in some infants with Pompe disease
• More than just 'zoning out': Exploring the cognitive processes behind mind wandering
• Fusion energy: Mug handles could help hot plasma give lower-cost, controllable fusion energy
• Making Sudoku puzzles less puzzling
• Uncovering information about hadrosaur teeth
• Engineered flies spill secret of seizures
• Antibiotic resistance a growing concern with urinary tract infection
• Earth sunblock only needed if planet warms easily
• Hubble sees a planetary nebula in the making
• Bounce, skid, wobble: How Huygens landed on Titan
• Terrorism risk greatest for subway/rail commuters
• Developmental biologist proposes new theory of early animal evolution that challenges basic assumption of evolution
• Surprising solution to fly eye mystery
• Meteorite delivers Martian secrets
• Researchers ID unique geological 'sombrero' uplift in South America
• How bacteria communicate using quorum sensing: Could bacteria be manipulated to control infections?
• Using cell phone data to curb the spread of malaria
• New web-based model for sharing research datasets could have huge benefits
• Anesthetic combination provides a more rapid recovery after oral surgery
• Quantum effects observed in cold chemistry
• Unusual genetic structure confers major disease resistance trait in soybean
• Natural playgrounds more beneficial to children, inspire more play, study finds
• Clues to cancer metastasis: Discovery points to potential therapies for bone metastasis
• Alzheimer's sufferers may function better with less visual clutter
• Scientists use new method to help reduce piglet mortality
• Focus on space debris: Envisat
• Organic solar cells with high electric potential for portable electronics
• Parental bonding makes for happy, stable child
• England World Cup wins and losses linked to 30 percent rise in domestic violence, study finds
• Arctic and Southern Oceans appear to determine the composition of microbial populations
• How nerve signals are sent around the body at varying speeds as electrical impulses
• India's public school students on par with private students, study finds
• Airborne superbugs elude hospital cleaning regimes
• Eco-friendly optics: Spider silk's talents harnessed for use in biosensors, lasers, microchips
• Researchers create 'nanoflowers' for energy storage, solar cells
• New insight into celiac disease
• Feeding the Schwanns: New technique could bring cell therapy for nerve damage a step closer
• Twenty-one genes tied to cholesterol levels identified
• Stopping the itch: New clues into how to treat eczema
• Diverse intestinal viruses may play a role in AIDS progression
• Bouncing on Saturn's moon Titan
• New model explains role of dopamine in immune regulation
• Plasma screens enhanced as disorder strikes: Study looks at ways to improve the quality of matter akin to that found in plasma screens
• Preemies from low-income families at high risk for dangerous brain bleeds
• HIV and breast cancer may share a common enemy: Nelfinavir
• Fisheries benefit from 400-year-old tradition
• New tool determines leukemia cells' 'readiness to die,' may guide clinical care
• Target for obesity drugs comes into focus
• Novel mechanisms underlying major childhood neuromuscular disease identified
• Women use emoticons more than men in text messaging :-)
• Brain scans predict children's reading ability
• Yellowstone wolf study reveals how to raise successful offspring

Mars rock touched by NASA Curiosity has surprises Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:48 PM PDT The first Martian rock NASA's Curiosity rover has reached out to touch presents a more varied composition than expected from previous missions. The rock also resembles some unusual rocks from Earth's interior. The rover team used two instruments on Curiosity to study the chemical makeup of the football-size rock called "Jake Matijevic." The results support some surprising recent measurements and provide an example of why identifying rocks' composition is such a major emphasis of the mission. Rock compositions tell stories about unseen environments and planetary processes.

One CVD death in China every 10 seconds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 04:52 PM PDT Every year three million Chinese people die from cardiovascular disease and every 10 seconds there is one death from CVD in China, according to experts.

Nurture trumps nature in study of oral bacteria in human twins, study finds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 02:33 PM PDT A new long-term study of human twins indicates the makeup of the population of bacteria bathing in their saliva is driven more by environmental factors than heritability.

Single gene variant in donors may affect survival of transplanted kidneys Posted: 11 Oct 2012 02:30 PM PDT A single genetic variant in kidney donors' cells may help determine whether their transplanted organs will survive long term, according to a new study. The findings provide new information that might be used to improve transplant longevity by revealing that the genetic make-up of kidney transplant donors affects the survival of transplanted organs.

Safety results of intra-arterial stem cell clinical trial for stroke presented Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT Early results of a Phase II intra-arterial stem cell trial for ischemic stroke showed no adverse events associated with the first 10 patients, allowing investigators to expand the study to a targeted total of 100 patients.

New studies could result in better treatments for epilepsy, behavioral disorders Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT Three studies could result in new types of treatment for the disease and, as a bonus, for behavioral disorders as well.

Enzyme triggers cell death in heart attack Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT A new study shows that CaM kinase II enzyme activity triggers heart cell death by making the cells' energy-producing mitochondria leaky. Inhibiting the enzyme in mitochondria protected mice from heart cell death during heart attack and other forms of heart stress. The findings could lead to better therapies for common forms of heart disease.

Animals' microbial communities linked to their behavior Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT New research is revealing surprising connections between animal microbiomes -- the communities of microbes that live inside animals' bodies -- and animal behavior. A new article reviews recent developments in this emerging research area and offers questions for future investigation.

Anti-cancer drug fights immune reaction in some infants with Pompe disease Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT Adding a third anti-cancer agent to a current drug cocktail appears to have contributed to dramatic improvement in three infants with the most severe form of Pompe disease -- a rare, often-fatal genetic disorder characterized by low or no production of an enzyme crucial to survival.

More than just 'zoning out': Exploring the cognitive processes behind mind wandering Posted: 11 Oct 2012 01:21 PM PDT It happens innocently enough: One minute you're working on a report and the next minute you're thinking about how you need to do laundry. Mind wandering is frequent and common. And while it can be counterproductive, research suggests that mind wandering isn't necessarily a bad thing. New research explores mind wandering in various contexts, examining how it relates to cognitive processes involved in working memory and executive control.

Fusion energy: Mug handles could help hot plasma give lower-cost, controllable fusion energy Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:16 PM PDT New hardware lets engineers maintain the plasma used in fusion reactors in an energy-efficient, stable manner, making the system potentially attractive for use in fusion power plants.

Making Sudoku puzzles less puzzling Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:16 PM PDT For anyone who has ever struggled while attempting to solve a Sudoku puzzle, mathematicians are coming to the rescue. They can not only explain why some Sudoku puzzles are harder than others, they have also developed a mathematical algorithm that solves Sudoku puzzles very quickly, without any guessing or backtracking.

Uncovering information about hadrosaur teeth Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:16 PM PDT An unusual collaboration between researchers in two disparate fields resulted in a new discovery about the teeth of 65-million-year-old dinosaurs.

Engineered flies spill secret of seizures Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:16 PM PDT Scientists have observed the neurological mechanism behind temperature-dependent -- febrile -- seizures by genetically engineering fruit flies to harbor a mutation analogous to one that causes epileptic seizures in people. In addition to contributing the insight on epilepsy, their new study also highlights the first use of genetic engineering to swap a human genetic disease mutation into a directly analogous gene in a fly.

Antibiotic resistance a growing concern with urinary tract infection Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:14 PM PDT As a result of concerns about antibiotic resistance, doctors in the United States are increasingly prescribing newer, more costly and more powerful antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, one of the most common illnesses in women. Often they are not necessary.

Earth sunblock only needed if planet warms easily Posted: 11 Oct 2012 12:14 PM PDT A new computer analysis of future climate change that considers emissions reductions together with sunlight reduction shows that such drastic steps to cool Earth would only be necessary if the planet heats up easily with added greenhouse gases.

Hubble sees a planetary nebula in the making Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:23 AM PDT The Universe is filled with mysterious objects. Many of them are as strange as they are beautiful. Among these, planetary nebulae are probably one of the most fascinating objects to behold in the night sky. No other type of object has such a large variety of shapes and structures. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has provided a striking image of Hen 3-1475, a planetary nebula in the making.

Bounce, skid, wobble: How Huygens landed on Titan Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:20 AM PDT The European Space Agency's Huygens probe, ferried to Saturn's moon Titan by NASA's Cassini spacecraft, bounced, slid and wobbled its way to rest in the 10 seconds after touching down on Titan in January 2005, a new analysis reveals. The moon's surface is more complex than previously thought.

Terrorism risk greatest for subway/rail commuters Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT Despite homeland security improvements since 9/11, subway and rail commuters face higher risks of terror than frequent flyers or those engaged in virtually any other activity. While successful terrorist acts against aviation fell sharply, those against subways and commuter trains surged.

Developmental biologist proposes new theory of early animal evolution that challenges basic assumption of evolution Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT A developmental biologist whose life's work has supported the theory of evolution has developed a concept that dramatically alters one of its basic assumptions -- that survival is based on a change's functional advantage if it is to persist.

Surprising solution to fly eye mystery Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT Fly eyes have the fastest visual responses in the animal kingdom, but how they achieve this has long been an enigma. A new study shows that their rapid vision may be a result of their photoreceptors -- specialized cells found in the retina -- physically contracting in response to light.

Meteorite delivers Martian secrets Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT A meteorite that landed in the Moroccan desert 14 months ago is providing more information about Mars, the planet where it originated.

Researchers ID unique geological 'sombrero' uplift in South America Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT Scientists have identified a geological oddity in the central Andes region, home to the largest active magma body in Earth's continental crust. They found that magma is forming a big blob in the middle of the crust, pushing up Earth's surface across an area 100 kilometers wide, while the surrounding area sinks, leading to a unique geological phenomenon the researchers have described as the "sombrero uplift."

How bacteria communicate using quorum sensing: Could bacteria be manipulated to control infections? Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT Researchers have examined the relatively new field in microbiology known as quorum sensing, a type of bacterial communication. Scientists say this fundamental research takes them steps closer to a different antibiotic-independent way of managing infections, and could one day lead to the ability to manipulate bacterial conditions in order to cause cell populations of dangerous pathogens to collapse.

Using cell phone data to curb the spread of malaria Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT New research that combines cell phone data from 15 million people in Kenya with detailed information on the regional incidence of malaria has revealed how human travel patterns contribute to the disease's spread.

New web-based model for sharing research datasets could have huge benefits Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:14 AM PDT A group of researchers have proposed creating a new web-based data network to help researchers and policymakers worldwide turn existing knowledge into real-world applications and technologies and improve science and innovation policy.

Anesthetic combination provides a more rapid recovery after oral surgery Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:08 AM PDT The ideal sedative for oral surgery should make the patient comfortable during the surgery and should wear off quickly enough that the patient can leave the dental chair soon after the procedure. Finding the best plan of anesthetic treatment is essential to the success of dental procedures such as the extraction of wisdom teeth.

Quantum effects observed in cold chemistry Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:08 AM PDT Physicists have combined two low-temperature supersonic beams to produce chemical reactions in quantum conditions, near absolute zero. The method, a first, confirms longstanding theories.

Unusual genetic structure confers major disease resistance trait in soybean Posted: 11 Oct 2012 11:08 AM PDT Scientists have identified three neighboring genes that make soybeans resistant to the most damaging disease of soybean. The genes exist side-by-side on a stretch of chromosome, but only give resistance when that stretch is duplicated several times in the plant.

Natural playgrounds more beneficial to children, inspire more play, study finds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:50 AM PDT Children who play on playgrounds that incorporate natural elements like logs and flowers tend to be more active than those who play on traditional playgrounds with metal and brightly colored equipment, according to a recent study.

Clues to cancer metastasis: Discovery points to potential therapies for bone metastasis Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:50 AM PDT New research explains how mesenchymal stem cells help cancer cells to spread beyond primary tumor.

Alzheimer's sufferers may function better with less visual clutter Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:49 AM PDT Psychologists have shown that an individual's inability to recognize once-familiar faces and objects may have as much to do with difficulty perceiving their distinct features as it does with the capacity to recall from memory. A new study suggests that memory impairments for people diagnosed with early stage Alzheimer's disease may in part be due to problems with determining the differences between similar objects. The research contributes to growing evidence that a part of the brain once believed to support memory exclusively -- the medial temporal lobe -- also plays a role in object perception.

Scientists use new method to help reduce piglet mortality Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:49 AM PDT To help increase the survival of newborn piglets, scientists have developed a new method that predicts animals' mortality and nursing ability.

Focus on space debris: Envisat Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:47 AM PDT Space debris came into focus last week at the International Astronautical Congress in Naples, Italy. Envisat, the European Space Agency's largest Earth observation satellite, ended its mission last spring and was a subject of major interest in the Space Debris and Legal session.

Organic solar cells with high electric potential for portable electronics Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:47 AM PDT A new breakthrough in solar technology means portable electronic devices such as e-book readers could soon be re-charged on the move in low light levels and partial shading. Scientists have created an organic solar cell that generates a sufficiently high voltage to recharge a lithium-ion battery directly, without the need to connect multiple individual cells in series. Modules of these high voltage cells perform well in different light conditions including partial shade making them well matched to consumer electronic devices such as e-book readers, cameras and some mobile phones.

Parental bonding makes for happy, stable child Posted: 11 Oct 2012 10:46 AM PDT Infants who have a close, intimate relationship with at least one parent are less likely to experience emotional or behavioral problems in childhood, according to a new study. The researchers found that a child can be close to either the mother or the father to reap the emotional dividend, and that closeness with both parents conferred no additional advantage.

England World Cup wins and losses linked to 30 percent rise in domestic violence, study finds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:44 AM PDT Domestic violence rates rose by an average of 30 percent each time England won or lost their games during the 2010 World Cup, but draws had little impact on the statistics, according to a new study.

Arctic and Southern Oceans appear to determine the composition of microbial populations Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:44 AM PDT Differing contributions of freshwater from glaciers and streams to the Arctic and Southern oceans appear to be responsible for the fact that the majority of microbial communities that thrive near the surface at the Poles share few common members, according to an international team of researchers.

How nerve signals are sent around the body at varying speeds as electrical impulses Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:44 AM PDT Scientists have proved a 60-year-old theory about how nerve signals are sent around the body at varying speeds as electrical impulses. Researchers tested how these signals are transmitted through nerve fibers, which enables us to move and recognize sensations such as touch and smell.

India's public school students on par with private students, study finds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:44 AM PDT Contrary to past research, private school students in India do not outperform their counterparts in public schools, finds a new study.

Airborne superbugs elude hospital cleaning regimes Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:44 AM PDT Hospital superbugs can float on air currents and contaminate surfaces far from infected patients' beds, according to researchers.

Eco-friendly optics: Spider silk's talents harnessed for use in biosensors, lasers, microchips Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:40 AM PDT Spiders use their silk to catch lunch. Now physicists are using it to catch light. New research shows that natural silk could be an eco-friendly alternative to more traditional ways of manipulating light, such as through glass or plastic fiber optic cables.

Researchers create 'nanoflowers' for energy storage, solar cells Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:40 AM PDT Researchers have created flower-like structures out of germanium sulfide (GeS) -- a semiconductor material -- that have extremely thin petals with an enormous surface area. The GeS flower holds promise for next-generation energy storage devices and solar cells.

New insight into celiac disease Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:40 AM PDT For the first time, scientists have visualized an interaction between gluten and T-cells of the immune system, providing insight into how celiac disease, which affects approximately one in 133 people, is triggered.

Feeding the Schwanns: New technique could bring cell therapy for nerve damage a step closer Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:40 AM PDT A new way to grow cells vital for nerve repair could be a vital step for use in patients with severe nerve damage, including spinal injury.

Twenty-one genes tied to cholesterol levels identified Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:39 AM PDT In the largest-ever genetic study of cholesterol and other blood lipids, scientists have identified 21 new gene variants associated with risks of heart disease and metabolic disorders. The findings expand the list of potential targets for drugs and other treatments for lipid-related cardiovascular disease.

Stopping the itch: New clues into how to treat eczema Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:39 AM PDT More than 15 percent of children suffer with eczema, or atopic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin disease that in some cases can be debilitating and disfiguring. Researchers have discovered a potential new target for the condition, demonstrating that by blocking it, they can lessen the disease in mice.

Diverse intestinal viruses may play a role in AIDS progression Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:39 AM PDT In monkeys and humans with AIDS, damage to the gastrointestinal tract is common. How this gastric damage occurs has remained a mystery, but now researchers provide new clues, implicating the presence of potentially pathogenic virus species other than the main virus that causes AIDS. The findings could provide an opportunity to explain and eventually intervene in the processes that lead to AIDS progression.

Bouncing on Saturn's moon Titan Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT ESA's Huygens probe bounced, slid and wobbled its way to rest in the 10 seconds after touching down on Saturn's moon, Titan, in January 2005, a new analysis reveals. The findings provide novel insight into the nature of the moon's surface.

New model explains role of dopamine in immune regulation Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is associated with emotions, movement, and the brain's pleasure and reward system. Investigators now provide a broad overview of the direct and indirect role of dopamine in modulating the immune system and discuss how recent research has opened up new possibilities for treating diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis or even the autoimmune disorders.

Plasma screens enhanced as disorder strikes: Study looks at ways to improve the quality of matter akin to that found in plasma screens Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT A new study improves our understanding of plasma sources, a state of matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the particles are ionised and which are used for example in plasma display panels.

Preemies from low-income families at high risk for dangerous brain bleeds Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT Babies born prematurely to low-income parents have a disproportionately high risk for developing dangerous brain bleeds that require multiple surgeries and extensive follow-up, according to a small study.

HIV and breast cancer may share a common enemy: Nelfinavir Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT After screening more than 2,300 drugs for their ability to halt the growth of breast cancer cells, researchers have discovered that the anti-HIV drug nelfinavir slows the progress of HER2-positive tumor cells, even if they are resistant to other breast cancer drugs.

Fisheries benefit from 400-year-old tradition Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT Coral reefs in Aceh, Indonesia are benefiting from a decidedly low-tech, traditional management system that dates back to the 17th century, new research shows.

New tool determines leukemia cells' 'readiness to die,' may guide clinical care Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have developed a method for determining how ready acute myeloid leukemia cells are to die, a finding that may enable oncologists to choose more effective treatments for their patients.

Target for obesity drugs comes into focus Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have determined how the hormone leptin, an important regulator of metabolism and body weight, interacts with a key receptor in the brain.

Novel mechanisms underlying major childhood neuromuscular disease identified Posted: 11 Oct 2012 09:37 AM PDT A study suggests that spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a genetic neuromuscular disease in infants and children, results primarily from motor circuit dysfunction, not motor neuron or muscle cell dysfunction, as is commonly thought. In a second study, the researchers identified the molecular pathway in SMA that leads to problems with motor function. Findings from the studies, conducted in fruit fly, zebrafish and mouse models of SMA, could lead to therapies for this debilitating and often fatal neuromuscular disease.

Women use emoticons more than men in text messaging :-) Posted: 11 Oct 2012 07:23 AM PDT Women are twice as likely as men to use emoticons in text messages, according to a new study.

Brain scans predict children's reading ability Posted: 11 Oct 2012 07:22 AM PDT New research can identify the neural structures associated with poor reading skills in young children, and could lead to an early warning system for struggling students.

Yellowstone wolf study reveals how to raise successful offspring Posted: 11 Oct 2012 07:22 AM PDT What are the key ingredients to raising successful, self-sufficient offspring? A new life sciences study using 14 years of data of wolves in Yellowstone indicates cooperative group behavior is key.

You are subscribed to email updates from ScienceDaily: Latest Science News To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610